What is pili multigemini?

Pili Multigemini

Pili multigemini is a rare hair shaft abnormality characterized by the presence of multiple hair shafts emerging from a single hair follicle. It is sometimes referred to as "compound hairs."

Key Features:

• Multiple Hair Shafts: The defining characteristic is the presence of more than one hair shaft (typically 2-5) originating from a single follicular opening. These shafts may or may not be fused together along their length.

• Cause: The exact cause of pili multigemini is not fully understood. However, it is believed to be related to a defect in the hair follicle structure or an abnormality in the hair formation process. Sometimes, it can be linked to trauma or inflammation of the hair follicle.

• Location: Pili multigemini can occur anywhere on the body where hair grows, but it's more frequently observed in the beard area of men and the scalp.

• Symptoms: Generally, pili multigemini does not cause any symptoms. In some cases, individuals may experience localized itching or irritation at the affected area, but it is not common.

• Diagnosis: Diagnosis is primarily clinical, based on visual examination of the hair shafts under magnification (e.g., using a dermatoscope).

• Treatment: Usually, no treatment is necessary as pili multigemini is typically asymptomatic. If symptoms like itching or irritation are present, topical treatments such as emollients or mild corticosteroids might be considered. Permanent hair removal methods such as electrolysis or laser hair removal could be explored for cosmetic reasons, although it is usually not required.

• Differentiation: It is important to differentiate pili multigemini from other hair shaft abnormalities such as pili bifurcati (splitting of a single hair shaft), which only has one hair coming from the follicle.